Fig 1. A typical CMOS input circuit comprises a “P” and “N” transistor. One is fully “on” for logic high, and the other is “on” for a logic low. Fig 2. When a CMOS input pin is at logic high or low ...

In the early digital era, logic gates were made exclusively of transistors and discrete components. The obvious occupation of a large space and increased heat dissipation pushed technology to ...

In this column, we take a closer look as to how timing and delays affect our logic circuits. As part of this, we start to consider the timing diagrams presented in data sheets. As I was writing my ...

Logic Gates are among the important components of a circuit. All the logical operations required to perform a particular task in an electronic circuit are carried by these logic gates. If you are an ...

A central goal of synthetic biology is to create cellular networks that integrate input signals for decision making and actuation 1. In recent years, artificial logic gates 2,3,4 and memory devices ...